Grylloblattodea
Vrsansky, P., S. Y. Storozhenko, C. C. Labandeira, and P. Ihringova. 2001. Galloisiana olgae sp. nov. (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) and the paleobiology of a relict order of insects. Annals of the Entomological ... [... more]
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Zoraptera
The order can be characterized as follows (from Engel, 2003a, 2004): adults minute (around 3 mm), hemimetabolous Neoptera; mouthparts mandibulate; lacinia fused to stipes, lacinia with strong inner, apical tooth; ... [... more]
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Neuroptera
Withycombe, C. L. 1924-1925 (1925.02.20). Some aspects of the biology and morphology of the Neuroptera. With special reference to the immature stages and their possible phylogenetic significance. Transactions of the ... [... more]
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Odonata
The fossil record for most modern families dates back to the Jurassic or else the Cretaceous period. Fossil species not assignable to any of the the three extant suborders are placed conventionally into one of four ... [... more]
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Hemiptera
Sorensen, J.T., B.C. Campbell, R.J. Gill and J.D. Steffen-Campbell. 1995. Non-monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha ("Homoptera"), based upon 18S rDNA phylogeny: eco-evolutionary and cladistic implications within pre ... [... more]
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Blattaria
The monophyly of several cockroach families and subfamilies is doubtful, and the relationships among cockroach lineages are still very much debated. One of the most controversial issues is the position of the genus ... [... more]
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Orthoptera
General opinion favors a monophyly hypothesis for the order Orthoptera (Hennig 1981; Gorochov 1995). Most studies have examined extant taxa. Although numerical analyses of orthopteroid character distributions (mainly phenetic) by Blackith (1968) ... [... more]
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Dermaptera
The morphology of their tegmina and hind-wings could constitute a synapomorphy but the Hemimerina and Arixenina are wingless. Maternal care is remarkable but only a few species have been studied. However, the ... [... more]
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Heteroptera
Schaefer, C.W. 1990. The Hemiptera of North America: what we do and do not know. Pages 105-118 in Systematics of the North American insects and arachnids: status and needs. Contribution No. 3 to the National ... [... more]
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Strepsiptera
Free-living host-seeking 1st instar larvae, which are produced viviparously by the neotenic female. Several hundred are produced which emerge from the female and seek new hosts. Sexual dimorphism does not exist in ... [... more]
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Mecoptera
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species. ... [... more]
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Embiidina
Edgerly, J. S. 1997. Life beneath silk walls: A review of the primitively social Embiidina. Pages 14-25 in The Evolution of Social Behavior in Insects and Arachnids. J. Choe and B. Crespi, eds. Cambridge University ... [... more]
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