Acute Urethral Obstruction
Acute bilateral obstructive uropathy is usually caused by a blockage of the urethra that occurs (suddenly or over a brief time). In men, it is most often a result of an enlarged prostate. Other causes in men include prostate cancer, bilateral ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Acute Colonic Ileus
Primary or idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a condition characterized by symptoms of intestinal obstruction without physical evidence of such a blockage. In this disorder, the bowels (small or large intestines) become very quiet and ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Acute Unilateral Obstructive Uropathy
Unilateral obstructive uropathy occurs when urine cannot drain through a ureter because of an obstruction. Urine backs up into the kidney and causes distention of the renal pelvis and calyces ( hydronephrosis ). The disorder may result in ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Albinism
Albinism results when the body is unable to produce or distribute pigment, called melanin, because of one of several possible genetic defects. In Type 1 albinism defects in the metabolism of tyrosine lead to failure in converting this amino acid ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Alkaptonuria
Because of the defect, homogentisic acid is excreted in the urine and turns a brown color upon exposure to air. This is the result of a dark pigment with an ochre color (earthy red or yellow), which led to the name ochronosis. The bones and ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Apnea - Sleep Apnea Syndrome
In normal conditions, the muscles of the upper part of the throat keep this passage open to allow air to flow into the lungs. These muscles usually relax during sleep, but the passage remains open enough to permit the flow of air. Some ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Arthritis - Osteoarthritis
OA is classified as primary or secondary. Primary OA occurs without any type of injury or identifiable cause. Secondary OA is osteroarthritis due to another disease or underlying condition. The most common causes of secondary OA are metabolic ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Avn
Aseptic necrosis can be caused by an underlying disease, or a severe trauma, such as a break or dislocation , that affects the blood supply to the bone. Many times, no trauma or disease is present. This is called "idiopathic aseptic necrosis" -- ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Asthma - Occupational Exposure
There are many agents in the workplace that can cause occupational asthma. Most commonly, these include protein molecules (wood dust, grain dust, animal dander, fungi) or other chemicals (especially di-isocyanates). Though the actual rate of ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Astrocytoma - Adults
More recently, "molecular subtyping" of tumors is being used to make decisions about how to best treat a particular tumor. Because these tumors are difficult to cure, patients should consider enrolling in a clinical trial after talking with ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Astrocytoma - Children
Tumors may occur at any age, but many specific tumors have a particular age group in which they are most common. The most common childhood brain tumors are gliomas, astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and brain stem gliomas. Most brain ... [... more]
University of Maryland |
Bacterial Overgrowth - Intestine
Small bowel bacterial overgrowth is a syndrome that involves excessive numbers of bacteria growing in the small intestines. The large numbers of bacteria compete for nutrients with the person who has the condition. As a result, the person with ... [... more]
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